Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezitsha zobumba ezithuthukisiwe ezitholakalayo namuhla, okuhlanganisa i-alumina, i-zirconia, i-beryllia, i-silicon nitride, i-boron nitride, i-aluminium nitride, i-silicon carbide, i-boron carbide, nokunye okuningi. Ngayinye yalezi zitsha zobumba ezithuthukisiwe zinesethi yayo eyingqayizivele yezimpawu zokusebenza kanye nezinzuzo. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezinselele ezethulwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlala zivela, izinto ezintsha ziyahambisana

I-Zirconia inamandla kakhulu ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esiyingqayizivele se-tetragonal crystal, evame ukuxutshwa ne-Yttria. Izinhlamvu ezincane ze-Zirconia zenza kube lula ukuthi abakhi bemikhiqizo benze imininingwane emincane nemiphetho ebukhali engakwazi ukumelana nokusetshenziswa kanzima.

Bambalwa abantu abazi ukuthi zingaki izimboni ezisebenzisa i-ceramics yobuchwepheshe nsuku zonke. I-ceramics yobuchwepheshe iyinto eguquguqukayo engasetshenziswa ezimbonini eziningi ngezinhloso ezahlukahlukene ezihehayo. Izitsha zobumba zobuchwepheshe zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene.

Ngokupakishwa kwe-elekthronikhi, ama-substrates e-ceramic adlala indima ebalulekile ekuxhumaniseni amashaneli okushisa angaphakathi nangaphandle, kanye nokuxhuma kokubili kukagesi nokusekelwa kwemishini. Ama-substrates e-Ceramic anezinzuzo zokuguquguquka okuphezulu kwe-thermal, ukumelana nokushisa okuhle, amandla aphezulu okusebenza, kanye ne-coefficient ephansi yokwanda okushisayo, futhi ayizinto ezivamile ze-substrate fo.

Umgomo oyisisekelo wokuvikela izikhali ukusebenzisa amandla e-projectile, wehlise ijubane futhi uwenze angabi nangozi. Nakuba izinto eziningi ezivamile zobunjiniyela, njengezinsimbi, zimunca amandla ngokuwohloka kwesakhiwo, kuyilapho izinto zobumba zobumba zimunca amandla ngenqubo yokuqhekeka okuncane.

I-Hexagonal Boron Nitride ceramic iyinto ekwazi ukumelana kahle kakhulu nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nokugqwala, ukuguquguquka okuphezulu kwe-thermal, kanye nezakhiwo eziphakeme zokufakelwa, inesithembiso esihle sokuthuthuka.

Ngenxa ye-thermal conductivity ekahle ye-beryllium oxide ceramic, iyasiza ekuthuthukiseni impilo yesevisi kanye nekhwalithi yamadivayisi, ukusiza ukuthuthukiswa kwamadivayisi ku-miniaturization kanye nokwandisa amandla amadivayisi, ngakho-ke, ingasetshenziswa kabanzi ku-aerospace, amandla enuzi. , ubunjiniyela bensimbi, imboni ye-elekthronikhi, ukukhiqizwa kwamarokhethi, njll.

Izitsha zobumba ze-Aluminium Nitride zinokusebenza okuhle kakhulu sekukonke, zilungele ama-semiconductor substrates nezinto zokupakisha zesakhiwo, futhi zinamandla amakhulu okusebenza embonini yezogesi.

I-Si3N4 ibonwa njengento engcono kakhulu ye-ceramic substrate ene-conductivity ephezulu yokushisa nokuthembeka okuphezulu ekhaya naphesheya. Nakuba i-thermal conductivity ye-Si3N4 ceramic substrate iphansi kancane kunaleyo ye-AlN, amandla ayo aguquguqukayo kanye nokuqina kokuphuka kungafinyelela ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabili kwe-AlN. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-thermal conductivity ye-Si3N4 ceramic iphakeme kakhulu kunaleyo ye-Al2O3 c.

Kusukela ngekhulu lama-21, izitsha zobumba ezingangenwa izinhlamvu zithuthuke ngokushesha ngezinhlobo eziningi, okuhlanganisa i-Alumina, i-Silicon Carbide, i-Boron carbide, i-silicon Nitride, i-Titanium Boride, njll. Phakathi kwazo, i-Alumina Ceramics (Al2O3), i-Silicon Carbide ceramics (SiC) kanye ne-Boron Carbide Ceramics. (B4C) yizona ezisetshenziswa kakhulu.