Since the 21st century, bulletproof ceramics have developed rapidly with more and more materials, including Alumina ceramic, Silicon Carbide ceramic, Boron Carbide ceramic, Silicon Nitride Ceramic, Titanium Diboride ceramic, etc. Among them, Alumina (Al2O3) ceramics, Silicon Carbide (SiC) ceramics and Boron Carbide (B4C) ceramics are the most widely used.

1. Alumina ceramics have the highest density but low hardness, it's the cheapest ceramic material for armor protection.

2. Silicon Carbide ceramics have low density and high hardness, so they are the most widely used bulletproof ceramics around the world. SiC ceramics have a wide scope of development in the field of armor protection, and the applications tend to be diversified in areas such as man-portable equipment and special vehicles. As a protective armor material, considering factors such as cost and special applications, small rows of ceramic panels are usually bonded with composite backing to form ceramic composite plates to overcome the failure of ceramics due to tensile stress and to ensure that only a single piece is crushed without damaging the armor as a whole when the projectile penetrates.

3. Boron Carbide ceramics have the lowest density and the highest hardness, but the cost is the highest among these three materials. Its high modulus of elasticity makes it a good choice for military armor purposes. The main problems with B4C are its high price and brittleness, which limit its wide application as protective armor.

Alumina SiC B4C Tiles & Cylinders From WINTRUSTEK

Material Performance Comparison of Al2O3, SiC, and B4C Ceramics - WINTRUSTEK