ʻO ka Aluminum Nitride (AlN) i hana mua ʻia i ka makahiki 1877, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻoulu ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka microelectronics i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea waiwai kiʻekiʻe a hiki i ka waena o 1980s.
ʻO ka AIN kahi ʻano nitrate aluminika. ʻOkoʻa ka nitride aluminika me ka nitrate alumini no ka mea he pūhui nitrogen me kahi kūlana oxidation kūikawā o -3, aʻo ka nitrate e pili ana i kekahi ester a i ʻole ka paʻakai o ka waikawa nitric. He wurtzite hexagonal ka hale aniani o keia mea.
Hoʻohui o AIN
Hana ʻia ʻo AlN ma o ka hoʻemi carbothermal o ka alumina a i ʻole ka nitridation pololei o ka alumini. He 3.33 g/cm3 kona mānoanoa a me ka ho'ohehe'e 'ole, wehe 'ia ma nā mahana ma luna o 2500 °C a me ke kaomi ea. Me ke kōkua ʻole o nā mea hoʻohui wai, ua hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻia ka mea a kū i ka sintering. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻae ʻia nā oxides e like me Y2O3 a i ʻole CaO i ka sintering ma nā mahana ma waena o 1600 a me 1900 degere Celsius.
Hiki ke hana ʻia nā ʻāpana i hana ʻia me ka nitride aluminika ma o nā ʻano like ʻole, e like me ke kaomi isostatic anuanu, ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka ceramic, ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ka hoʻolei ʻana i ka tape, ka mīkini pololei, a me ka paʻi maloʻo.
Nā mea nui
ʻAʻole pale ʻo AlN i ka hapa nui o nā metala hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, me ka aluminika, ka lithium, a me ke keleawe. ʻAʻole hiki ke pale i ka hapa nui o nā paʻakai hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, me nā chlorides a me ka cryolite.
Loaʻa i ka nitride alumini ka hoʻoili wela kiʻekiʻe (170 W/mk, 200 W/mk, a me 230 W/mk) a me ka resistivity leo kiʻekiʻe a me ka ikaika dielectric.
Hiki ke maʻalahi i ka hydrolysis ma ke ʻano o ka pauka ke ʻike ʻia i ka wai a i ʻole ka haʻahaʻa. Hoʻohui hou, hoʻouka nā waikawa a me nā alkalis i ka nitride aluminika.
He insulator kēia mea no ka uila. Hoʻonui ka doping i ka conductivity uila o kahi mea. Hōʻike ʻo AIN i nā waiwai piezoelectric.
Nā noi
Microelectronics
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona kupaianaha loa o AlN ʻo ia kona conductivity thermal kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia ka lua o ka beryllium ma waena o nā mea seramika. Ma nā mahana ma lalo o 200 degere Celsius, ua ʻoi aku kona conductivity wela ma mua o ke keleawe. ʻO kēia hui pū ʻana o ka conductivity kiʻekiʻe, ka resistivity volume, a me ka ikaika dielectric hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he substrates a me ka hoʻopili ʻana no nā ʻāpana microelectronic mana kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka pono e hoʻopau i ka wela i hana ʻia e nā poho ohmic a mālama i nā ʻāpana i loko o kā lākou pae wela hana ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea palena e hoʻoholo ai i ka nui o ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā mea uila. Hāʻawi nā substrates AlN i ka hoʻoluʻu ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā substrate seramika maʻamau a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ke kumu i hoʻohana ʻia ai lākou e like me nā mea lawe chip a me nā mea wela.
Loaʻa ka nitride alumini i ka noi pāʻoihana ākea ma nā kānana RF no nā polokalamu kelepona kelepona. Aia kekahi papa o ka nitride aluminika ma waena o ʻelua papa metala. ʻO nā noi maʻamau i ka ʻoihana kalepa e pili ana i ka insulation uila a me nā ʻāpana hoʻokele wela i nā lasers, chiplets, collets, insulators uila, nā apo hoʻopaʻa i nā lako hana semiconductor, a me nā mea hana microwave.
Nā noi ʻē aʻe
Ma muli o ke kumukūʻai o AlN, ua kaupalena ʻia kāna mau noi i ka ʻoihana aeronautics pūʻali koa a me nā kahua kaʻa. Eia nō naʻe, ua aʻo nui ʻia ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia ma nā ʻano hana like ʻole. ʻO kāna mau waiwai maikaʻi e kūpono ia no kekahi mau hana ʻoihana koʻikoʻi.
ʻO nā noi ʻoihana ʻo AlN e loaʻa nā composite refractory no ka lawelawe ʻana i nā metala hoʻoheheʻe ʻino a me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻololi wela.
Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mea e hana i nā crucibles no ka ulu ʻana o nā kristal gallium arsenide a hoʻohana pū ʻia i ka hana ʻana o ke kila a me nā semiconductor.
ʻO nā mea hoʻohana ʻē aʻe i manaʻo ʻia no ka nitride aluminika e like me ka sensor kemika no nā kinoea ʻona. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā nanotubes AIN no ka hana ʻana i nā nanotubes quasi-one-dimensional no ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia mau mea hana ke kumuhana o ka noiʻi. I nā makahiki he ʻelua i hala iho nei, ua noiʻi pū ʻia nā diodes uila e hana ana i ka spectrum ultraviolet. Ua loiloi ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka AIN kiʻiʻoniʻoni lahilahi i nā mea ʻike nalu acoustic.
