Akwai nau'ikan yumbu iri-iri da ake samu a yau, gami da alumina, zirconia, beryllia, silicon nitride, boron nitride, aluminum nitride, silicon carbide, boron carbide, da ƙari mai yawa. Kowane ɗayan waɗannan tukwane na ci-gaba yana da nasa saitin halaye na ayyuka da fa'idodi. Don saduwa da ƙalubalen da aka gabatar ta hanyar aikace-aikacen da ke tasowa koyaushe, sababbin kayan sun ƙunshi

Zirconia tana da ƙarfi sosai saboda sigar kristal na musamman na tetragonal, wanda galibi ana haɗe shi da Yttria. Ƙananan hatsi na Zirconia suna ba da damar masu ƙirƙira su yi ƙananan bayanai da gefuna masu kaifi waɗanda za su iya tsayayya da rashin amfani.

Mutane kaɗan ne suka san yawancin masana'antu suna amfani da yumbu na fasaha a kowace rana. Keramics na fasaha wani abu ne mai ma'ana wanda za'a iya amfani dashi a masana'antu da yawa don dalilai masu ban sha'awa iri-iri. An tsara yumbu na fasaha don aikace-aikace iri-iri.

Don marufi na lantarki, yumburan yumbu suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɗa tashoshi masu rarraba zafi na ciki da na waje, da kuma haɗin haɗin lantarki da goyon bayan inji. Abubuwan yumbura suna da fa'idodin haɓakar haɓakar thermal, kyakkyawan juriya mai zafi, ƙarfin injina, da ƙarancin haɓakar haɓakar thermal, kuma sune kayan aikin gama gari don

Babban ka'idar kariyar sulke ita ce cinye makamashin da ake iya gani, rage shi da kuma mayar da shi mara lahani. Yayin da yawancin kayan aikin injiniya na al'ada, irin su karafa, suna ɗaukar makamashi ta hanyar nakasar tsari, yayin da kayan yumbu ke ɗaukar kuzari ta hanyar ƙananan rarrabuwa.

Hexagonal Boron Nitride yumbu abu ne da ke da kyakkyawan juriya ga babban zafin jiki da lalata, haɓakar zafin jiki mai ƙarfi, da manyan kaddarorin rufewa, yana da babban alƙawari don haɓakawa.

Saboda da manufa thermal conductivity na beryllium oxide yumbu, shi ne m don inganta rayuwar sabis da ingancin na'urorin, sauƙaƙa ci gaban na'urorin zuwa miniaturization da kuma ƙara da ikon na'urorin, sabili da haka, shi za a iya amfani da ko'ina a cikin sararin samaniya, makamashin nukiliya. , injiniyan ƙarfe, masana'antar lantarki, masana'antar roka, da sauransu.

Aluminum Nitride yumbura suna da kyakkyawan aikin gabaɗaya, suna da kyau don abubuwan da suka shafi semiconductor da kayan marufi, kuma suna da gagarumin yuwuwar aikace-aikace a cikin masana'antar lantarki.

An gane Si3N4 a matsayin mafi kyawun yumbu substrate abu tare da high thermal watsin da high aminci a gida da waje. Kodayake yanayin zafi na Si3N4 yumbura ya ɗan yi ƙasa kaɗan fiye da na AlN, ƙarfin sassauƙansa da taurin karyewar sa na iya kaiwa fiye da ninki biyu na AlN. A halin yanzu, yanayin zafi na yumbura Si3N4 ya fi na Al2O3 c

Tun daga karni na 21st, yumburan harsashi sun haɓaka cikin sauri tare da ƙarin nau'ikan, ciki har da Alumina, Silicon Carbide, Boron carbide, silicon Nitride, Titanium Boride, da sauransu. (B4C) sune aka fi amfani dasu.