BoronICarbide (B4C)sesona sixhobo sikhethwayo kwizicelo zokufunxa ngemitha yenyukliya kuba iqulethe uxinezeleko oluphezulu lweeathom zeboron kwaye inokusebenza njengesithathisi senutroni kunye nesichongi kwizixhobo zenyukliya.I-metalloid boron efumaneka kwi-ceramic B4C ine-isotopu ezininzi, nto leyo ethetha ukuba i-athomu nganye inenani elifanayo leeproton kodwa inani elilodwa le-neutron.Ngenxa yexabiso eliphantsi, ukumelana nobushushu, ukunqongophala kwemveliso yeradioisotope, kunye nokukwazi ukukhusela kwimitha, i-ceramic ye-B4C ikwalukhetho olukhulu lokukhusela imathiriyeli kumashishini enyukliya..
I-Boron Carbide sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kushishino lwenyutroni ngenxa yokufunxwa kwayo kwi-neutron ephezulu yecandelo elinqamlezileyo (iibhari ezingama-760 kwi-2200 m/sec yesantya senutroni). I-isotope ye-B10 kwi-boron ine-cross-section enkulu (3800 barns).
Inombolo ye-athomu yesi-5 ye-chemical element boron ibonisa ukuba ineeproton ezi-5 kunye nee-electron ezi-5 kwisakhiwo sayo se-athomu. B luphawu lwekhemikhali yeboron. Iboron yendalo ikakhulu inee-isotopi ezimbini ezizinzileyo, i-11B (80.1%) kunye ne-10B (19.9%). I-absorption cross-icandelo le-neutron ye-thermal kwi-isotope 11B yi-0.005 barns (i-neutron ye-0.025 eV). Uninzi (n, alpha) reactions of neutrons thermal are 10B (n, alpha) 7Li reactions ekhatshwa 0.48 MeV gamma emission. Ngaphezu koko, isotope 10B inokuphakama (n, alpha) reaction cross-section kunye ne-neutron energy spectrum. Amacandelo omnqamlezo wezinye izinto ezininzi ziba zincinci kakhulu kumandla aphezulu, njengakwimeko ye-cadmium. I-cross-section ye-10B iyancipha i-monotonically ngamandla.
I-cross-section enkulu yokufunxa engundoqo isebenza njengenetha enkulu xa i-neutron yasimahla eveliswa yi-fission yenyukliya idibana ne-boron-10. Ngenxa yoku, i-boron-10 inokwenzeka kakhulu ukuba ibethwe kunezinye iiathom.
Olu ngquzulwano luvelisa isotopu engazinzanga yeBoron-11, eqhekeka ibe:
i-athomu ye-helium ngaphandle kwee-electron, okanye i-alpha particle.
athom lithium-7
I-Gamma radiation
Ilothe okanye ezinye izinto ezinzima zingasetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngokhuselo olufunxa amandla ngokukhawuleza.
Ezi mpawu zivumela i-boron-10 ukuba isetyenziswe njengomlawuli (ityhefu ye-neuron) kwizixhobo zenyukliya, zombini ikwimo yayo eqinileyo (i-boron Carbide) kunye nemo engamanzi (i-boric acid). Xa kuyimfuneko, i-boron-10 ifakwe ukumisa ukukhululwa kwee-neurons ezibangelwa yi-fission ye-uranium-325. Oku kunciphisa ukusabela kwetsheyini.
