Xa ukhankanya igama elithi "i-ceramics," uninzi lwabantu lucinga ngokukhawuleza ngobumbi kunye ne-chinaware. Imbali yeeseramikhi ingalandwa emva kwiminyaka engaphezu kwe-10,000, kwaye oku kubandakanya zombini iifom zodongwe kunye neengqayi zodongwe zemathiriyeli. Ngaphandle koku, ezi zixhobo ze-inorganic kunye nezingezizo ezentsimbi zibonelela ngesiseko soguqulo lwangoku kwitekhnoloji yemathiriyeli, eyenye yezinto ezinegalelo ekukhawuleziseni uphuhliso lwemizi-mveliso kwihlabathi liphela.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iinkqubo ezintsha kunye nenkqubela phambili ekwenzeni kunye nobuchule bokuvelisa kuye kwakhokelela ekuphuhlisweni kweeseramikhi eziphambili. Ezi zeramics eziphambili zineempawu kunye nesicelo esinamandla okusombulula imingeni yobuchwephesha kunye nobunjineli ekwakucingwa ukuba ayinakwenzeka.
I-ceramics ephuculweyo yanamhlanje ayinanto encinci kakhulu kunye neekeramics ezafika phambi kwazo. Ngenxa yeempawu zabo zohlobo olulodwa kwaye zinamandla ngokumangalisayo, i-thermal, kunye nombane, baye benza ihlabathi elitsha lamathuba ophuhliso afumanekayo kubavelisi kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zamashishini.
Iimathiriyeli zemveli ezifana neentsimbi, iiplastiki, kunye neglasi zitshintshwa zezona zikumgangatho ophezulu, ezinexabiso elithe kratya, kunye nezixhobo eziphucukileyo zetekhnoloji ezaziwa ngokuba ziiseramics eziphambili, ezibonelela ngesisombululo esifanelekileyo.
Ngengqiqo ebanzi, iiseramics ezihambele phambili ziphawulwa kubukho beempawu ezikhethekileyo ezinikezela kuzo inqanaba eliphezulu lokuchasa ukunyibilika, ukugoba, ukolula, ukubola kunye nokunxiba. Ziyenye yezona zinto ziluncedo kakhulu zamaqela ezinto emhlabeni ngenxa yokuba zinzima, zizinzile, ziyakwazi ukumelana nobushushu obugqithisileyo, i-inert yekhemikhali, i-biocompatible, inezixhobo ezingcono zombane, kwaye, ekugqibeleni kodwa ingancinci, ingasetyenziselwa kwiimveliso eziveliswa ngobuninzi. .
Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zeekeramikhi eziphambili ezikhoyo namhlanje, kubandakanya i-alumina, i-zirconia, i-beryllia, i-silicon nitride, i-boron nitride, i-aluminium nitride, i-silicon carbide, i-boron carbide, kunye nezinye ezininzi. Nganye kwezi zeramics eziphambili zineseti yazo ekhethekileyo yeempawu zokusebenza kunye neenzuzo. Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nemingeni evezwa zizicelo ezihlala zivela, imathiriyeli entsha isoloko iphuhliswa.
