Boron Carbide (B4C) ni ceramic iramba igizwe na Boron na karubone. Boron Carbide nikimwe mubintu bikomeye bizwi, biza kumwanya wa gatatu inyuma ya cubic Boron nitride na diyama. Nibikoresho bya covalent bikoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye byingenzi, harimo ibirwanisho bya tank, amakoti adasasu, hamwe nifu ya moteri ya sabotage. Mubyukuri, nibikoresho byatoranijwe kubikorwa bitandukanye byinganda. Iyi ngingo itanga incamake ya Boron Carbide nibyiza byayo.
Boron Carbide ni iki?
Boron Carbide nikintu gikomeye cyimiti ifite imiterere ya kirisiti isanzwe ya icosahedral ishingiye kuri boride. Uru ruganda rwavumbuwe mu kinyejana cya cumi n'icyenda nk'umusaruro w'ibyuma bya boride. Ntabwo byari bizwi ko bifite formulaire ya chimique kugeza muri 1930, mugihe imiti yabyo yagereranijwe ko ari B4C. X-ray kristu yerekana ibintu byerekana ko ifite imiterere igoye igizwe n'iminyururu yombi C-B-C na B12 icosahedra.
Boron Carbide ifite ubukana bukabije (9.5-9.75 ku gipimo cya Mohs), ituze irwanya imirasire ya ionizing, kurwanya imiti y’imiti, hamwe n’ibikoresho byiza byo gukingira neutron. Ubukomezi bwa Vickers, modulus ya elastike, hamwe no gukomera kuvunika kwa Boron Carbide birasa nkibya diyama.
Kubera ubukana bukabije, Boron Carbide nanone yitwa "diyama yirabura." Byerekanwe kandi ko bifite imitunganyirize ya semiconducting, hamwe nubwikorezi bwubwikorezi bwiganje mubintu bya elegitoroniki. Nubwoko bwa p-semiconductor. Kubera ubukana bwayo bukabije, bifatwa nkibikoresho bya tekiniki bya ceramic birwanya kwambara, bigatuma bikenerwa no gutunganya ibindi bintu bikomeye cyane. Usibye imiterere myiza yubukanishi hamwe nuburemere buke bwihariye, nibyiza gukora ibirwanisho byoroheje.
Umusaruro wa Boron Carbide Ceramics
Ifu ya Boron Carbide ikorwa mubucuruzi binyuze muri fusion (ikubiyemo kugabanya Boride anhydride (B2O3) hamwe na karubone) cyangwa reaction ya magnesiothermic (ikubiyemo gutera anhydride ya Boron gukora na magnesium imbere yumukara wa karubone). Mubisubizo byambere, ibicuruzwa bikora ibibyimba binini bimeze nkamagi hagati ya smelter. Ibi bikoresho bimeze nkamagi bikururwa, bikajanjagurwa, hanyuma bigasya kugeza ingano ikwiye kugirango ikoreshwe bwa nyuma.
Kubijyanye na reaction ya magnesiothermic, Carbide stoichiometric Carbide hamwe na granularitike iboneka muburyo butaziguye, ariko ifite umwanda, harimo na grafite igera kuri 2%. Kuberako aribintu bifatanyirijwe hamwe, Boron Carbide biragoye gucumura udashyizeho ubushyuhe numuvuduko icyarimwe. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Boron Carbide ikorwa muburyo bwuzuye mugukanda neza, ifu yera (m 2) mubushyuhe bwinshi (2100-200 ° C) mukirere cyangwa ikirere.
Ubundi buryo bwo kubyara Boron Carbide ni ugucumura nta muvuduko ukabije (2300–2400 ° C), wegereye aho gushonga kwa Boron Carbide. Gufasha kugabanya ubushyuhe bukenewe kugirango densifike muriki gikorwa, imfashanyo zo gucumura nka alumina, Cr, Co, Ni, nikirahure byongewe kumavange.
Porogaramu ya Boron Carbide Ceramics
Boron Carbide ifite porogaramu nyinshi zitandukanye.
Boron Carbide ikoreshwa nkibikoresho byo gukubita no gukuramo.
Boron Carbide muburyo bwa poro irakwiriye gukoreshwa nkigikoresho cyangiza kandi gikubita hamwe nigipimo kinini cyo gukuraho ibikoresho mugihe cyo gutunganya ibikoresho bikomeye.
Boron Carbide ikoreshwa mugukora ceramic guturika nozzles.
Boron Carbide irwanya cyane kwambara, bigatuma iba ibikoresho byiza byo guturika nozzles iyo byacumuye. Ndetse iyo ikoreshejwe hamwe nibikoresho bikomeye byo guturikanka corundum na silicon Carbide, imbaraga zo guturika zikomeza kuba zimwe, hariho kwambara gake, kandi nozzles ziraramba.
Boron Carbide ikoreshwa nkibikoresho byo kurinda ballistique.
Boron Carbide itanga imipira igereranywa nicyuma cyintwaro hamwe na oxyde ya aluminium ariko kuburemere buke cyane. Ibikoresho bya gisirikare bigezweho birangwa nurwego rwo hejuru rwo gukomera, imbaraga zo kwikomeretsa, hamwe na modulus yo hejuru ya elastique, hiyongereyeho uburemere buke. Boron Carbide iruta ibindi bikoresho byose bisabwa kuriyi porogaramu.
Boron Carbide ikoreshwa nka neutron.
Mu buhanga, icyuma cya neutron cyingenzi cyane ni B10, ikoreshwa nka Boron Carbide mugucunga reaction za kirimbuzi.
Imiterere ya atome ya boron ituma ikora neza ya neutron. By'umwihariko, 10B isotope, iboneka hafi 20% yubwinshi bwayo karemano, ifite igice kinini cyambukiranya kirimbuzi kandi irashobora gufata neutron yumuriro ituruka kumyuka ya uranium.
Nuclear Grade Boron Carbide Disc Kuri Neutron Absorption