Boron Carbide (B4C) bụ seramiiki na-adịgide adịgide nke Boron na carbon mejupụtara. Boron Carbide bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị siri ike mara, ọkwa nke atọ n'azụ cubic Boron nitride na diamond. Ọ bụ ihe covalent etinyere n'ọtụtụ ngwa dị oke mkpa, gụnyere ngwa agha tankị, uwe mgbochi mgbo, na ntụ ntụ sabo. N'ezie, ọ bụ ihe kachasị mma maka ngwa ọrụ mmepụta ihe dị iche iche. Edemede a na-enye nchịkọta boron Carbide na uru ya.
Gịnị bụ kpọmkwem boron Carbide?
Boron Carbide bụ kemịkalụ kemịkalụ dị oke mkpa nwere usoro kristal nke borides dabere na icosahedral. Achọpụtara ogige ahụ na narị afọ nke iri na itoolu dị ka ihe sitere na mmeghachi omume boride ígwè. A maghị na ọ nwere usoro kemịkal ruo n'afọ 1930, mgbe a na-eche na ihe mejupụtara kemịkal ya bụ B4C. Ihe ngosi X-ray crystallography nke ihe ahụ na-egosi na ọ nwere usoro dị mgbagwoju anya nke ejiri ma agbụ C-B-C na B12 icosahedra.
Boron Carbide nwere oke isi ike (9.5–9.75 na nha Mohs), nkwụsi ike megide radieshon ionizing, iguzogide mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ, yana ezigbo ihe nchebe neutron. Isi ike nke Vickers, modulus na-agbanwe agbanwe, na njiri siri ike nke Boron Carbide fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu nke diamond.
N'ihi oke isi ike ya, Boron Carbide a na-akpọkwa ya "ola diamond." E gosikwara na ọ nwere akụrụngwa semiconducting, yana ụdị ụgbọ njem na-achịkwa akụrụngwa eletrọnịkị ya. Ọ bụ p-ụdị semiconductor. N'ihi oke isi ike ya, a na-ewere ya dị ka ihe seramiiki teknụzụ na-adịghị eyi, na-eme ka ọ dabara maka nhazi ihe ndị ọzọ siri ike. Na mgbakwunye na akụrụngwa ya dị mma yana ike ndọda dị ala, ọ dị mma maka ịme ngwa agha dị arọ.
Mmepụta nke boron Carbide ceramics
A na-emepụta ntụ ntụ Boron Carbide site na ngwakọta (nke gụnyere ibelata Boron anhydride (B2O3) nwere carbon) ma ọ bụ mmeghachi omume magnesiothermic (nke gụnyere ime ka boron anhydride meghachi omume na magnesium n'ihu carbon ojii). Na mmeghachi omume nke mbụ, ngwaahịa ahụ na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ yiri akwa dị n'etiti etiti smelter. A na-amịpụta ihe yiri akwa a, gwerie ya, wee gwerie ya ruo n'ókè ọka kwesịrị ekwesị maka ojiji ikpeazụ.
N'ihe banyere mmeghachi omume magnesiothermic, stoichiometric Carbide nwere obere granularity na-enweta ozugbo, mana ọ nwere adịghị ọcha, gụnyere ihe ruru 2% graphite. N'ihi na ọ bụ ngwakọta inorganic jikọtara ọnụ, Boron Carbide na-esiri ike ịgbanye na-etinyeghị okpomọkụ na nrụgide n'otu oge. N'ihi nke a, a na-eme Boron Carbide ka ọ bụrụ nnukwu udi site na ịpị ezigbo ntụ ntụ dị ọcha (2 m) na oke okpomọkụ (2100-2200 Celsius) n'ime oghere ma ọ bụ ikuku na-adịghị.
Ụzọ ọzọ maka imepụta Boron Carbide bụ ịgbaze na-enweghị nrụgide na oke okpomọkụ (2300–2400 Celsius), nke dị nso na ebe mgbaze nke Boron Carbide. Iji nyere aka belata okpomọkụ achọrọ maka densification n'oge usoro a, a na-agbakwunye ihe ndị na-eme ka alumina, Cr, Co, Ni, na iko na ngwakọta ntụ ntụ.
Ngwa nke Boron Carbide Cermics
Boron Carbide nwere ọtụtụ ngwa dị iche iche.
A na-eji Boron Carbide dị ka ihe na-ata ahụhụ na ịta ahụhụ.
Boron Carbide dị n'ụdị ntụ ntụ dabara nke ọma maka ojiji dị ka ihe na-ata ahụhụ na ịta ahịhịa nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke mwepụ ihe mgbe a na-ahazi ihe ndị siri ike.
A na-eji Boron Carbide emepụta nozzles na-agbawa seramiiki.
Boron Carbide na-eguzogide nke ukwuu iyi, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe magburu onwe ya maka ịgbawa nozzles mgbe agbanyere ya. Ọbụlagodi mgbe ejiri ya na ihe na-agbawa agbawa siri ikedị ka corundum na silicon Carbide, ike mgbawa ka dị otu, enwere obere iyi, na nozzles na-adịgide adịgide.
A na-eji boron Carbide dị ka ihe nchebe ballistic.
Boron Carbide na-enye nchebe yiri nke ballistic na nke igwe agha na aluminom oxide mana ọ dị obere karịa. A na-eji akụrụngwa ndị agha ọgbara ọhụrụ mara ọkwa siri ike, ike mkpakọ, na mgbanwe dị elu, na mgbakwunye na ịdị arọ dị ala. Boron Carbide karịrị ngwa ndị ọzọ niile maka ngwa a.
A na-eji boron Carbide mee ihe dị ka ihe na-etinye neutron.
Na injinia, ihe kacha mkpa neutron absorber bụ B10, eji dị ka Boron Carbide na njikwa reactor nuklia.
Nhazi atomic nke boron na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-amịkọrọ neutron dị irè. Karịsịa, isotope 10B, dị na gburugburu 20% nke ụbara ihe okike ya, nwere akụkụ obe nke nuklia dị elu ma nwee ike weghara neutrons thermal nke mmeghachi omume fission nke uranium na-emepụta.
Ọkwa Nuklia Boron Carbide Disc Maka Mmụba Neutron
