BoronCarbide (B4C)ndicho chinhu chinofarirwa chenyukireya radiation absorption application nekuti ine yakanyanya kuwanda kwemaatomu eboron uye inogona kushanda senyuturoni inonwisa uye detector mumareactor enyukireya.Metalloid boron inowanikwa muceramic B4C ine isotopes dzakawanda, zvinoreva kuti atomu imwe neimwe ine nhamba yakafanana yemapurotoni asi imwe nhamba yakasiyana yemanyuturoni.Nekuda kwemutengo wayo wakaderera, kushomeka kwekupisa, kushomeka kweradioisotope kugadzirwa, uye kugona kudzivirira kubva kune radiation, B4C ceramic zvakare isarudzo huru yekudzivirira zvinhu mumaindasitiri enyukireya..
Boron Carbide chinhu chakakosha kuindasitiri yenyukireya nekuda kweiyo yakakwira neutron absorption cross-section (760 barns pa2200 m/sec neutron velocity). Iyo B10 isotope muboron ine yakakura-chikamu-chikamu (3800 matura).
Atomic nhamba 5 yekemikari element boron inoratidza kuti ine mapurotoni mashanu uye maerekitironi mashanu muchimiro chayo cheatomu. B chiratidzo chemakemikari ye boron. Natural boron inonyanya kuve nemaisotopi maviri akatsiga, 11B (80.1%) uye 10B (19.9%). Kunyura muchinjiko-chikamu cheanopisa manyuturoni muisotopu 11B ndeye 0.005 matura (eneutron ye0.025 eV). Mazhinji (n, alpha) maitiro emanyutroni ekupisa ari 10B (n, alpha) 7Li maitiro achiperekedzwa ne0.48 MeV gamma emission. Uyezve, isotopu 10B ine yakakwira (n, alpha) reaction muchinjiko-chikamu pamwe chete neutron simba spectrum. Iwo emuchinjiko-zvikamu zvezvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda zvinova zvidiki zvakanyanya pamasimba akakwira, sezviri kuitika kune cadmium. Iyo muchinjiko-chikamu che10B inoderera monotonically nesimba.
Iyo yakakura core absorption cross-section inoshanda semambure makuru kana neutron yemahara inogadzirwa nenuclear fission ichidyidzana neboron-10. Nekuda kweizvi, boron-10 inonyanya kurohwa kupfuura mamwe maatomu.
Kudhumhana uku kunoburitsa isotope isinga tsigike yeBoron-11, inoputsika kuita:
atomu yehelium isina maerekitironi, kana kuti alpha particle.
lithium-7 atomu
Gamma radiation
Mutobvu kana zvimwe zvinhu zvinorema zvinogona kushandiswa kupa nhovo inotora simba nekukurumidza.
Aya maitiro anobvumira boron-10 kuti ishandiswe se regulator (neuron poison) mumareactor enyukireya, zvese zviri muchimiro chayo chakasimba (boron Carbide) uye fomu yemvura (boric acid). Kana zvichidikanwa, boron-10 inoisirwa kumisa kuburitswa kweneuroni kunokonzerwa nefission yeuranium-325. Izvi zvinoderedza kuita kweketani.
