Paunotaura izwi rekuti "ceramics," ruzhinji rwevanhu vanobva vangofunga nezvehari uye chinaware. Nhoroondo yedhaka inogona kurondwa kumashure kwemakore anopfuura 10 000, uye izvi zvinosanganisira zvose zviri zviviri zvevhu uye zviumbwa zvehari zvezvinhu. Zvisinei neizvi, izvi inorganic uye zvisiri zvesimbi zvinhu zviri kupa hwaro hweshanduko yemazuva ano mune tekinoroji yezvigadzirwa, chinova chimwe chezvinhu zviri kupa kukurumidza kwekusimudzira maindasitiri pasirese.
Mumakore achangopfuura, maitiro matsva uye kufambira mberi mukugadzira nekugadzira matekiniki zvakatungamira mukugadzirwa kwemhando yepamusoro ceramics. Aya maceramics epamberi ane zvivakwa uye mukana wekushandisa kugadzirisa zvipingamupinyi zvehunyanzvi uye zveinjiniya zvaimbofungidzirwa kuti hazvigoneke.
Maceramics epamusoro emazuva ano ane zvishoma zvakanyanya akafanana neceramics akauya pamberi pawo. Nekuda kwehumwe-hwemhando uye hunoshamisa hune simba remuviri, kupisa, uye magetsi zvimiro, vakaita nyika itsva yese yemikana yebudiriro inowanikwa kune vanogadzira mune dzakasiyana siyana maindasitiri.
Zvishandiso zvechinyakare zvakaita sesimbi, mapurasitiki, uye girazi zviri kutsiviwa nepamusoro, zvinodhura zvakanyanya, uye tekinoroji yepamusoro inozivikanwa seyepamusoro ceramics, iyo inopa mhinduro yakanaka.
Mupfungwa yakafaranuka, maceramics epamberi anoratidzwa nekuvapo kweakasarudzika zvivakwa izvo zvinopa paari mwero wepamusoro wekupokana nekunyunguduka, kukotama, kutatamuka, ngura, uye kupfeka. Iri rimwe remapoka anobatsira ezvigadzirwa munyika nekuti dzakaoma, dzakagadzikana, dzinopesana nekupisa kwakanyanya, makemikari inert, biocompatible, ine zviri nani zvemagetsi emagetsi, uye, chekupedzisira asi chisiri chidiki, chinogona kushandiswa muhuwandu hunogadzirwa zvigadzirwa. .
Kune akasiyana siyana emhando yepamusoro ceramics aripo nhasi, anosanganisira alumina, zirconia, beryllia, silicon nitride, boron nitride, aluminium nitride, silicon carbide, boron carbide, nezvimwe zvakawanda. Imwe neimwe yeaya maceramics epamberi ane yayo yakasarudzika seti yemaitiro ekuita uye zvakanakira. Kuti usangane nezvipingamupinyi zvinounzwa nezvikumbiro zvinogara zvichishanduka, zvishandiso zvitsva zvinogara zvichigadzirwa.