Aluminium Nitride (AlN) idapangidwa koyamba mu 1877, koma kugwiritsa ntchito kwake mu ma microelectronics sikunalimbikitse chitukuko cha zinthu zamtengo wapatali, zogulitsa malonda mpaka pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1980.
AIN ndi mawonekedwe a aluminium nitrate. Aluminiyamu nitride amasiyana ndi aluminium nitrate chifukwa ndi nitrogen pawiri yokhala ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni enieni a -3, pomwe nitrate imatanthawuza ester kapena mchere wa nitric acid. Kapangidwe ka kristalo wazinthu izi ndi hexagonal wurtzite.
Kaphatikizidwe wa AIN
AlN amapangidwa kudzera mwina kuchepetsedwa kwa carbothermal kwa alumina kapena nitridation ya aluminiyamu mwachindunji. Lili ndi kachulukidwe ka 3.33 g/cm3 ndipo, ngakhale silinasungunuke, limasiyanitsidwa ndi kutentha kopitilira 2500 °C ndi kuthamanga kwa mumlengalenga. Popanda kuthandizidwa ndi zowonjezera zamadzimadzi, zinthuzo zimamangirizidwa bwino komanso zimagonjetsedwa ndi sintering. Nthawi zambiri, ma oxides monga Y2O3 kapena CaO amalola kutentha kwapakati pa 1600 ndi 1900 digiri Celsius.
Magawo opangidwa ndi aluminium nitride amatha kupangidwa kudzera m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza kuzizira kwa isostatic, kuumba jekeseni wa ceramic, kuumba kwa jekeseni wocheperako, kuponyera tepi, kusindikiza molondola, ndi kukanikiza kowuma.
Zofunika Kwambiri
AlN ndi yosagonjetsedwa ndi zitsulo zambiri zosungunuka, kuphatikizapo aluminiyamu, lithiamu, ndi mkuwa. Ndiwopanda mchere wambiri wosungunuka, kuphatikizapo ma chloride ndi cryolite.
Aluminiyamu nitride imakhala ndi matenthedwe apamwamba kwambiri (170 W/mk, 200 W/mk, ndi 230 W/mk) komanso mphamvu yamphamvu ya dielectric.
Imakhudzidwa ndi hydrolysis mu mawonekedwe a ufa ikakhala ndi madzi kapena chinyezi. Kuphatikiza apo, ma acid ndi alkalis amawononga aluminium nitride.
Izi ndi insulator magetsi. Doping kumawonjezera madutsidwe magetsi a zinthu. AIN ikuwonetsa katundu wa piezoelectric.
Mapulogalamu
Microelectronics
Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri cha AlN ndi kutenthetsa kwake kwapamwamba kwambiri, komwe kumakhala kwachiwiri kwa beryllium pakati pa zipangizo za ceramic. Pa kutentha pansi pa 200 digiri Celsius, matenthedwe ake matenthedwe amaposa mkuwa. Kuphatikizika kwa ma conductivity apamwamba, kuchuluka kwa resistivity, ndi mphamvu ya dielectric kumathandizira kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake ngati magawo ang'onoang'ono ndi kulongedza kwa magulu amphamvu kwambiri kapena osalimba kwambiri a microelectronic component. Kufunika kotaya kutentha komwe kumapangidwa ndi kutayika kwa ohmic ndikusunga zigawo zomwe zili mkati mwawo kutentha kwa ntchito ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zochepetsera zomwe zimatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa kulongedza zida zamagetsi. Magawo a AlN amapereka kuziziritsa kothandiza kwambiri kuposa magawo wamba ndi ma ceramic ena, ndichifukwa chake amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zonyamulira chip ndi zozama za kutentha.
Aluminium nitride imapeza ntchito zambiri zamalonda muzosefera za RF pazida zoyankhulirana zam'manja. Chigawo cha aluminium nitride chili pakati pa zigawo ziwiri zachitsulo. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pagulu lazamalonda zimaphatikizapo kutchinjiriza kwamagetsi ndi zida zowongolera kutentha mu ma lasers, ma chiplets, ma collets, zotsekera zamagetsi, mphete zotsekera mu zida zopangira semiconductor, ndi ma microwave zida zonyamula.
Zina Mapulogalamu
Chifukwa cha kuwononga kwa AlN, ntchito zake zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito pazankhondo zankhondo ndi mayendedwe. Komabe, nkhaniyi yaphunziridwa mozama ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito m’magawo osiyanasiyana. Zopindulitsa zake zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera pazinthu zingapo zofunika zamakampani.
Ntchito zamafakitale za AlN zikuphatikiza zophatikizira zogwiritsira ntchito zitsulo zosungunula mwamphamvu komanso makina osinthira kutentha.
Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga crucibles kukula kwa makhiristo a gallium arsenide ndipo amagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga zitsulo ndi ma semiconductors.
Ntchito zina zomwe zaperekedwa pa aluminiyamu nitride ndi monga sensa yamakhemikali yamagesi wapoizoni. Kugwiritsa ntchito ma nanotubes a AIN kupanga ma nanotubes amtundu umodzi kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pazida izi kwakhala nkhani yofufuza. M’zaka makumi aŵiri zapitazi, ma diode otulutsa kuwala omwe amagwira ntchito mu ultraviolet spectrum afufuzidwanso. Kugwiritsa ntchito filimu yopyapyala ya AIN mu masensa amtundu wamayimbidwe apamwamba kwawunikidwa.
