(Ceramic PowderZopangidwa ndiWintrustek)

Ceramic ufaamapangidwa ndi particles za ceramic ndi zowonjezera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito popanga zigawo. Chombo chomangirira chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga ufa pamodzi pambuyo pa kuphatikizika, pamene wothandizira kumasula amalola kuchotsa chigawo chophatikizika kuchokera ku compaction kufa mosavuta.

Zitsanzo zakuthupi

ALUMINA

Ceramic yokhala ndi chilinganizo chamankhwala Al2O3 imatchedwa alumina. Zofunika zazikulu za ufawu ndi mawonekedwe awo, chiyero, kuuma, ndi malo enieni.

ALUMINIUM NITRIDE

M'mafakitale a semiconductor ndi zamagetsi, mawonekedwe amafuta ndi magetsi awa amafunikira kwambiri.

HEXAGONAL BORON NITRIDE

Hexagonal boron nitrideimakhala ndi zotchingira bwino zamagetsi, kusinthasintha kwamafuta, komanso kukhazikika kwamankhwala.

ZYP

ZYP ufa wapangidwa kuchokera ku zirconia wokhazikika ndi yttrium oxide ndipo ndi ufa wabwino kwambiri, wochitachita bwino kwambiri.

Njira Zopangira

KUPIRIRA/KUGAYA

Kugaya, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti kugaya, ndi njira yopangira ufa wa ceramic momwe kukula kwa tinthu ta ceramic kumachepetsedwa mpaka kusinthidwa kukhala ufa.

KUYAMBIRA KWA TAPE

Njira ina yodziwika bwino yopangira ufa wa ceramic ndikuyika matepi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga magawo ophatikizika amagetsi. Kuphatikiza apo, imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma multilayer capacitor ndi ma integrated circuit package. Kuponya kumachitika mobwerezabwereza pamtunda wonyamulira pogwiritsa ntchito ufa wa ceramic, organic solvent, ndi polima binder. Teflon kapena chinthu china chopanda ndodo chimakhala ngati chonyamulira pamwamba. Kenako, pogwiritsa ntchito m'mphepete mwa mpeni, kuphatikiza ufa wa ceramic (slurry) umagawidwa pamtunda wosalala mpaka makulidwe odziwikiratu. Pambuyo kuyanika, wosanjikiza wa ufa wa ceramic osakaniza amakonzedwa kuti akonze.

COMPACT

Ceramic ufa amasinthidwa kudzera munjira iyi kuchokera ku granular kupita ku mgwirizano komanso wandiweyani. Njirayi imaphatikiza ufa wa ceramic, monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera. Kukanikiza kozizira kapena kukanikiza kotentha kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kugwirizanitsa tinthu tating'ono ta ceramic.

KUBUNGA JEKINSO

Kumangira jekeseni kumagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida za ceramic ndi ma geometries ovuta. Njirayi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga zida za ceramic zambiri. Kupanga jekeseni ndi njira yosinthika. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsulo zonse za oxide ceramics ndi non-oxide ceramics. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizolondola kwambiri. Mapeto a jekeseni akamaumba ndi apamwamba kwambiri.

SLIP CASTING

Slip casting ndi njira yopangira ufa wa ceramic yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu mbiya. Nthawi zambiri, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga mawonekedwe omwe ndi ovuta kupanga pogwiritsa ntchito gudumu. Kutulutsa ndi njira yayitali yomwe ingatenge maola 24. Kumbali yabwino, mankhwala omalizidwa ndi olondola komanso odalirika. Ku Europe, kuponya kwamasewera kunayamba cha m'ma 1750, ndipo ku China, kudayambanso. Kuyimitsidwa kwa ufa wa ceramic kumapangitsa kuti azitha kubwera pamodzi ngati kutsetsereka. A porous nkhungu ndiye kudzazidwa ndi slip. Pamene nkhungu iuma, kupanga wosanjikiza olimba kuchokera ku zokopa.

Kutulutsa kwa GEL

Kuponyera ma gel ndi njira yopangira ufa wa ceramic yomwe idayamba ku Canada m'ma 1960. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zowoneka bwino za ceramic zomwe zimakhala zolimba komanso zapamwamba kwambiri. Munjira iyi, cholumikizira cholumikizira, cholumikizira, ndi choyambitsa chaulere chimaphatikizidwa ndi ufa wa ceramic. Kuphatikizana kumawonjezeredwa ku kuyimitsidwa kwa madzi. Kuonjezera kuuma kwa kusakaniza, chomangira chomwe chilipo kale ndi polymerized. Kuphatikizana kumasandulika kukhala gel. Kusakaniza kwa gel osakaniza kumatsanuliridwa mu nkhungu ndikuloledwa kulimbitsa pamenepo. Pambuyo kulimbitsa, chinthucho chimachotsedwa mu nkhungu ndikuwuma. Chomalizidwacho ndi thupi lobiriwira lomwe pambuyo pake limapangidwa ndi sintered.

EXTRUSTION

Extrusion ndi njira yopangira ufa wa ceramic womwe ungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuumba zinthuzo kukhala mawonekedwe omwe akufuna. Kukoka ufa wa ceramic kudzera mukufa wokhala ndi gawo linalake. Kupanga zitsulo za ceramic zokhala ndi magawo osakanikirana ndizotheka ndi njira iyi. Komanso, sizikhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira kuti ziphwanye. Zogulitsa zomaliza za njirayi ndi zamphamvu ndipo zimakhala ndi polishi yotamandika pamwamba. Mu 1797, ndondomeko yoyamba extrusion inachitika. Munthu wina dzina lake Joseph Bramah anachita izo. Extrusion ikhoza kukhala yotentha, yozizira, kapena yotentha. Pa kutentha kuposa kutentha zinthu recrystallization, otentha extrusion ikuchitika. Kutentha kotentha kumachitika pamwamba pa kutentha kwa chipinda ndi pansi pa kutentha kwa zinthuzo, pamene kuzizira kumachitika kutentha.