Kuyambira zaka za m'ma 2100, zoumba zoteteza zipolopolo zapangidwa mofulumira ndi mitundu yambiri, kuphatikizapo Alumina, Silicon Carbide, Boron carbide, Silicon Nitride, Titanium Boride, ndi zina zotero. Zina mwazo, Alumina Ceramics (Al2O3), Silicon Carbide ceramics (SiC) ndi Boron Carbide Ceramics. (B4C) ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
Zoumba za aluminiyamu zokhala ndi kachulukidwe kwambiri, koma ndizolimba pang'ono, zomangira zotsika, komanso mtengo wotsika.
Zoumba za silicon carbide zimakhala ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono komanso kulimba kwambiri ndipo ndi zopangira zotsika mtengo, motero ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri ku China.
Boron carbide ceramics mu mitundu iyi ya zoumba mu kachulukidwe otsika kwambiri, kuuma kwambiri, koma panthawi imodzimodziyo zofunikira zake zopangira ndizokwera kwambiri, zimafunika kutentha kwakukulu komanso kupanikizika kwambiri, choncho mtengo wake ndi wapamwamba kwambiri pakati pa atatuwa. zadothi.
Poyerekeza ndi zinthu zitatu zodziwika bwino za ceramic, mtengo wa Alumina ballistic ceramic ndiyotsika kwambiri, koma mawonekedwe ake ndi otsika kwambiri poyerekezera ndi silicon carbide ndi boron carbide, kotero kupezeka kwa ballistic ceramic nthawi zambiri kumakhala silicon carbide ndi boron carbide bulletproof.
Silicon carbide covalent bonding ndi yamphamvu kwambiri ndipo imakhalabe ndi mgwirizano wamphamvu kwambiri pakutentha kwambiri. Mapangidwe awa amapatsa silicon carbide ceramics mphamvu zabwino kwambiri, kuuma kwakukulu, kukana kuvala, kukana dzimbiri, kukhathamiritsa kwakukulu kwamafuta, kukana kwamphamvu kwamafuta ndi zinthu zina; nthawi yomweyo, zoumba za silicon carbide ndi zotsika mtengo komanso zotsika mtengo, ndipo ndi imodzi mwazinthu zodalirika zoteteza zida zankhondo. Zida za ceramic za SiC zili ndi chitukuko chochuluka pankhani yachitetezo cha zida, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito kumakhala kosiyanasiyana m'malo monga zida zonyamula anthu ndi magalimoto apadera. Monga zida zodzitetezera, poganizira zinthu monga mtengo ndi ntchito zapadera, mizere yaying'ono ya mapanelo a ceramic nthawi zambiri amamangiriridwa ndi gulu lothandizira kuti apange mbale za ceramic composite chandamale kuti athetse kulephera kwa zoumba chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwamphamvu ndikuwonetsetsa kuti chidutswa chimodzi chokha. imaphwanyidwa popanda kuwononga zida zonse pamene projectile imalowa.
Boron carbide imadziwika kuti ndi chinthu chachitatu cholimba kwambiri pambuyo pa diamondi ndi kiyubiki boron nitride, yokhala ndi kuuma mpaka 3000 kg/mm2; otsika kachulukidwe, kokha 2.52 g/cm3, ; mkulu modulus wa elasticity, 450 GPa; coefficient yake ya kukula matenthedwe ndi otsika, ndi matenthedwe madutsidwe ndi mkulu. Kuphatikiza apo, boron carbide imakhala ndi kukhazikika kwamankhwala abwino, asidi ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri zamchere; ndipo ndi zitsulo zambiri zosungunuka sizinyowetsa ndipo sizimalumikizana. Boron carbide imakhalanso ndi luso labwino kwambiri la kuyamwa kwa neutroni, zomwe sizipezeka muzinthu zina za ceramic. Kachulukidwe ka B4C ndiye chotsika kwambiri pazida zadothi zingapo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, ndipo modulus yake yayikulu ya elasticity imapangitsa kukhala chisankho chabwino cha zida zankhondo ndi zida zakumunda. Mavuto akulu ndi B4C ndi mtengo wake wokwera komanso kufooka, zomwe zimachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito kwake ngati zida zoteteza.
