Tun daga karni na 21, yumbura mai hana harsashi ya haɓaka cikin sauri tare da ƙarin nau'ikan, gami da Alumina, Silicon Carbide, Boron carbide, Silicon Nitride, Titanium Boride, da sauransu. (B4C) sune aka fi amfani dasu.
Abubuwan yumbura na alumina suna da mafi girman yawa, amma ƙaramin ƙarfi, ƙarancin sarrafawa, da ƙarancin farashi.
Silicon carbide yumbura suna da ƙarancin ƙima da taurin gaske kuma kayan aikin gini ne masu tsada, don haka su ma su ne yumbun da aka fi amfani da su a cikin China.
Boron carbide yumbu a cikin waɗannan nau'ikan yumbu mafi ƙasƙanci, mafi ƙarancin ƙarfi, amma a lokaci guda buƙatun sarrafa shi ma yana da girma sosai, yana buƙatar babban zafin jiki da matsa lamba mai ƙarfi, don haka farashin shima ya fi girma a cikin waɗannan ukun. tukwane.
A kwatankwacin waɗannan ƙarin kayan yumburan ballistic guda uku na gama gari, farashin yumbu na Alumina ballistic shine mafi ƙanƙanta amma aikin ballistic ya yi ƙasa da silicon carbide da boron carbide, don haka wadatar yumbun ballistic na yanzu yawanci siliki carbide da boron carbide proof.
Silicon carbide covalent bonding yana da ƙarfi sosai kuma har yanzu yana da haɗin gwiwa mai ƙarfi a yanayin zafi. Wannan fasalin fasalin yana ba da yumbu na silicon carbide kyakkyawan ƙarfi, babban taurin, juriya juriya, juriya na lalata, haɓakar yanayin zafi mai kyau, juriya mai ƙarfi na thermal da sauran kaddarorin; a lokaci guda, yumburan siliki na carbide suna da matsakaicin farashi kuma suna da tsada, kuma suna ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun kayan aikin kariya na sulke. Kayan yumbura na SiC suna da fa'idar ci gaba a fagen kariyar sulke, kuma aikace-aikacen sun kasance sun bambanta a wurare kamar kayan aiki na mutum da motoci na musamman. A matsayin kayan sulke na kariya, la'akari da dalilai kamar farashi da aikace-aikace na musamman, ƙananan layuka na fa'idodin yumbu yawanci ana haɗa su tare da goyan bayan haɗaɗɗun yumbu don ƙirƙirar faranti mai haɗakar yumbu don shawo kan gazawar yumbu saboda damuwa mai ƙarfi da kuma tabbatar da cewa yanki ɗaya ne kawai. ana niƙasa ba tare da lalata sulke gaba ɗaya ba lokacin da mashigin ya shiga.
Boron carbide an san shi da abu na uku mafi wuya bayan lu'u-lu'u da cubic boron nitride, tare da taurin har zuwa 3000 kg / mm2; ƙananan yawa, kawai 2.52 g / cm3,; high modules na elasticity, 450 GPa; Adadin sa na haɓakawar thermal yana da ƙasa, kuma ƙarancin wutar lantarki yana da girma. Bugu da ƙari, boron carbide yana da kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali na sinadarai, acid da alkali juriya na lalata; kuma tare da mafi yawan narkakkar karfe ba ya jika kuma baya mu'amala. Boron carbide kuma yana da kyakkyawan ikon sha neutron, wanda babu shi a cikin sauran kayan yumbu. Yawancin B4C shine mafi ƙasƙanci na yumbu sulke da yawa da ake amfani da su, kuma babban ƙarfin sa na elasticity ya sa ya zama kyakkyawan zaɓi don kayan yaƙin soja da kayan filin sararin samaniya. Babban matsaloli tare da B4C shine babban farashinsa da raguwa, waɗanda ke iyakance faɗuwar aikace-aikacen sa azaman makamai masu kariya.
